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Nitrate is a chemical compound made up of nitrogen and oxygen, which can be found at low levels in foods (vegetables and meat preservatives) and well water. Nitrate is colorless, odorless, and tasteless. Nitrate can become harmful when bacteria in the environment, food, or in the human body convert nitrate into nitrite.
Bacteria are living organisms that are too small to see without a microscope. They are present all around us in air, soil, and water. Some types of bacteria can get into drinking water and make people sick.